text:history_of_egypt
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text:history_of_egypt [2013/08/23 22:00] – [Fr. 32 (a) (from Syncellus).] fredmond | text:history_of_egypt [2013/08/24 08:06] – fredmond | ||
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Dynasty XIII | Dynasty XIII | ||
- | Fr. 38º (from Syncellus). According to Africanus. | + | ==== Fr. 38º (from Syncellus). |
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | According to Africanus. | ||
The Thirteenth Dynasty10 consisted of sixty kings of Diospolis, who reigned for 453 years. | The Thirteenth Dynasty10 consisted of sixty kings of Diospolis, who reigned for 453 years. | ||
- | Fr. 39 (a) (from Syncellus). According to Eusebius. | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 39 (a) (from Syncellus). | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | According to Eusebius. | ||
The Thirteenth Dynasty consisted of sixty kings of Diospolis, who reigned for 453 years. | The Thirteenth Dynasty consisted of sixty kings of Diospolis, who reigned for 453 years. | ||
- | p75 (b) Armenian Version of Eusebius. | + | (b) Armenian Version of Eusebius. |
The Thirteenth Dynasty consisted of sixty kings of Diospolis, who reigned for 453 years. | The Thirteenth Dynasty consisted of sixty kings of Diospolis, who reigned for 453 years. | ||
Dynasty XIV | Dynasty XIV | ||
- | Fr. 41 (a)º (from Syncellus). According to Africanus. | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 41 (a)º (from Syncellus). | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | According to Africanus. | ||
The Fourteenth Dynasty11 consisted of seventy‑six kings of Xoïs, who reigned for 184 years. | The Fourteenth Dynasty11 consisted of seventy‑six kings of Xoïs, who reigned for 184 years. | ||
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The Fourteenth Dynasty consisted of seventy‑six kings of Xoïs, who reigned for 484 years. | The Fourteenth Dynasty consisted of seventy‑six kings of Xoïs, who reigned for 484 years. | ||
p77 The Hyksôs Age, c. 1700-c. 1580 B.C.12 | p77 The Hyksôs Age, c. 1700-c. 1580 B.C.12 | ||
- | Fr. 42 (from Josephus, Contra Apionem, I.14, §§ 73‑92). | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 42 (from Josephus, Contra Apionem, I.14, §§ 73‑92). | ||
[Josephus is citing the records of neighbouring nations in proof of the antiquity of the Jews.] | [Josephus is citing the records of neighbouring nations in proof of the antiquity of the Jews.] | ||
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91 In another book37 of his History of Egypt Manetho says that this race of so‑called Shepherds is, in the sacred books of Egypt, described as " | 91 In another book37 of his History of Egypt Manetho says that this race of so‑called Shepherds is, in the sacred books of Egypt, described as " | ||
Dynasty XV | Dynasty XV | ||
- | Fr. 43 (from Syncellus). According to Africanus.41 | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 43 (from Syncellus). | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | According to Africanus.41 | ||
The Fifteenth Dynasty consisted of Shepherd Kings. There were six foreign kings from Phoenicia, | The Fifteenth Dynasty consisted of Shepherd Kings. There were six foreign kings from Phoenicia, | ||
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Total, 284 years. | Total, 284 years. | ||
- | p93 Fr. 44 (a) (from Syncellus). According to Eusebius. | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 44 (a) (from Syncellus). | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | According to Eusebius. | ||
The Fifteenth Dynasty consisted of kings of Diospolis, who reigned for 250 years. | The Fifteenth Dynasty consisted of kings of Diospolis, who reigned for 250 years. | ||
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The Fifteenth Dynasty consisted of kings of Diospolis, who reigned for 250 years. | The Fifteenth Dynasty consisted of kings of Diospolis, who reigned for 250 years. | ||
Dynasty XVI | Dynasty XVI | ||
- | Fr. 45 (from Syncellus). According to Africanus. | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 45 (from Syncellus). | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | According to Africanus. | ||
The Sixteenth Dynasty were Shepherd Kings again, 32 in number: they reigned for 518 years.47 | The Sixteenth Dynasty were Shepherd Kings again, 32 in number: they reigned for 518 years.47 | ||
- | Fr. 46 (a) (from Syncellus). According to Eusebius. | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 46 (a) (from Syncellus). | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | According to Eusebius. | ||
The Sixteenth Dynasty were kings of Thebes, 5 in number: they reigned for 190 years. | The Sixteenth Dynasty were kings of Thebes, 5 in number: they reigned for 190 years. | ||
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The Sixteenth Dynasty were kings of Thebes, 5 in number: they reigned for 190 years. | The Sixteenth Dynasty were kings of Thebes, 5 in number: they reigned for 190 years. | ||
- | p95 Dynasty XVII | + | |
- | Fr. 47 (from Syncellus). According to Africanus. | + | Dynasty XVII |
+ | |||
+ | ==== Fr. 47 (from Syncellus). | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | According to Africanus. | ||
The Seventeenth Dynasty48 were Shepherd Kings again, 43 in number, and kings of Thebes or Diospolis, 43 in number. | The Seventeenth Dynasty48 were Shepherd Kings again, 43 in number, and kings of Thebes or Diospolis, 43 in number. | ||
Total of the reigns of the Shepherd Kings and the Theban kings, 151 years.49 | Total of the reigns of the Shepherd Kings and the Theban kings, 151 years.49 | ||
- | Fr. 48 (a) (from Syncellus). According to Eusebius. | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 48 (a) (from Syncellus). | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | According to Eusebius. | ||
The Seventeenth Dynasty were Shepherds and brothers:50 they were foreign kings from Phoenicia, who seized Memphis. | The Seventeenth Dynasty were Shepherds and brothers:50 they were foreign kings from Phoenicia, who seized Memphis. | ||
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It was in their time that Joseph appears to have ruled in Egypt.54 | It was in their time that Joseph appears to have ruled in Egypt.54 | ||
- | p99 Fr. 49 (from the Scholia to Plato). | + | Fr. 49 (from the Scholia to Plato). |
Saïtic, of Saïs. From the Aegyptiaca of Manetho. The Seventeenth Dynasty consisted of Shepherds: they were brothers55 from Phoenicia, foreign kings, who seized Memphis. The first of these kings, Saïtês, reigned for 19 years: the Saïte nome56 is called after him. These kings founded in the Sethroïte nome a town, from which as a base they subdued Egypt. | Saïtic, of Saïs. From the Aegyptiaca of Manetho. The Seventeenth Dynasty consisted of Shepherds: they were brothers55 from Phoenicia, foreign kings, who seized Memphis. The first of these kings, Saïtês, reigned for 19 years: the Saïte nome56 is called after him. These kings founded in the Sethroïte nome a town, from which as a base they subdued Egypt. | ||
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Saïtês added 12 hours to the month, to make its length 30 days; and he added 6 days to the year, which thus comprised 365 days.57 | Saïtês added 12 hours to the month, to make its length 30 days; and he added 6 days to the year, which thus comprised 365 days.57 | ||
+ | |||
p101 Dynasties, XVIII,58 XIX | p101 Dynasties, XVIII,58 XIX | ||
- | Fr. 50 (from Josephus, Contra Apionem, I.15, 16, §§ 93‑105) — (continued from Fr. 42). | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 50 (from Josephus, Contra Apionem, I.15, 16, §§ 93‑105) — (continued from Fr. 42). ==== | ||
93 For the present I am citing the Egyptians as witnesses to this antiquity of ours. I shall therefore resume my quotations from Manetho' | 93 For the present I am citing the Egyptians as witnesses to this antiquity of ours. I shall therefore resume my quotations from Manetho' | ||
p107 103 Such is Manetho' | p107 103 Such is Manetho' | ||
- | Fr. 5172 (from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. III.19). | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 51 (from Theophilus, Ad Autolyc. III.19). | ||
Moses was the leader of the Jews, as I have already said, when they had been expelled from Egypt by p109King Pharaôh whose name was Tethmôsis. After the expulsion of the people, this king, it is said, reigned for 25 years 4 months, according to Manetho' | Moses was the leader of the Jews, as I have already said, when they had been expelled from Egypt by p109King Pharaôh whose name was Tethmôsis. After the expulsion of the people, this king, it is said, reigned for 25 years 4 months, according to Manetho' | ||
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Then, his son Sethôs, also called Ramessês, for 10 years. He is said to have possessed a large force of cavalry and an organized fleet. | Then, his son Sethôs, also called Ramessês, for 10 years. He is said to have possessed a large force of cavalry and an organized fleet. | ||
+ | |||
Dynasty XVIII | Dynasty XVIII | ||
- | Fr. 52 (from Syncellus). According to Africanus. | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 52 (from Syncellus). According to Africanus. | ||
The Eighteenth Dynasty73 consisted of 16 kings of Diospolis. | The Eighteenth Dynasty73 consisted of 16 kings of Diospolis. | ||
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The fourth king (queen), Amensis (Amersis), reigned for 22 years. | The fourth king (queen), Amensis (Amersis), reigned for 22 years. | ||
- | p113 The fifth, Misaphris, for 13 years. | + | The fifth, Misaphris, for 13 years. |
The sixth, Misphragmuthôsis, | The sixth, Misphragmuthôsis, | ||
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Total, 263 years. | Total, 263 years. | ||
- | p115 Fr. 53 (a) (from Syncellus). According to Eusebius. | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 53 (a) (from Syncellus). | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | According to Eusebius. | ||
The Eighteenth Dynasty consisted of fourteen kings of Diospolis. | The Eighteenth Dynasty consisted of fourteen kings of Diospolis. | ||
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8. Orus, for 28 years. | 8. Orus, for 28 years. | ||
- | p119 9. Achencheres . . ., for 16 years. In his time Moses became leader of the Hebrews in their exodus from Egypt. | + | 9. Achencheres . . ., for 16 years. In his time Moses became leader of the Hebrews in their exodus from Egypt. |
10. Acherres, for 8 years. | 10. Acherres, for 8 years. | ||
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Total for the dynasty, 348 years. | Total for the dynasty, 348 years. | ||
- | Fr. 54 (from Josephus, Contra Apionem, I.26‑31, §§ 227‑287). | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 54 (from Josephus, Contra Apionem, I.26‑31, §§ 227‑287). | ||
(Josephus discusses the calumnies of the Egyptians against the Jews, whom they hate.) | (Josephus discusses the calumnies of the Egyptians against the Jews, whom they hate.) | ||
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254 To begin with, the reason which he suggests for his fiction is ridiculous. "King Amenôphis," | 254 To begin with, the reason which he suggests for his fiction is ridiculous. "King Amenôphis," | ||
- | 260 But let us now examine99 the most ridiculous part p137of | + | 260 But let us now examine99 the most ridiculous part of the whole story. Although he had learned these facts, and conceived a dread of the future, the king did not, even then, expel from his land those cripples of whose taint he had previously been bidden to purge Egypt, but instead, at their request, he gave them as their city (Manetho says) the former habitation of the Shepherds, Auaris, as it was called. 261 Here, he adds, they assembled, and selected as their leader a man who had formerly been a priest in Heliopolis. This man (according to Manetho) instructed them not to worship the gods nor to refrain from the animals revered in Egypt, but to sacrifice and devour them all, and to have intercourse with none save those of their own confederacy. Then having bound his followers by oath to abide strictly by these laws, he fortified Auaris and waged war against the king. 262 This leader, Manetho adds, sent to Jerusalem, inviting the people to join in alliance with him, and promising to give them Auaris, which, he reminded them, was the ancestral home of those who would come from Jerusalem, and would serve as a base for their conquest of the whole of Egypt. 263 Then, continues Manetho, they advanced with an army of 200,000 men; and Amenôphis, king of Egypt, thinking he ought not to fight against the gods, fled straightway into Ethiopia after enjoining that Apis and some of the other sacred animals should be entrusted to the custody of the priests. 264 Thereafter, the men from Jerusalem came on, made desolate the cities, burned down the temples, massacred p139the priests, and, in short, committed every possible kind of lawlessness and savagery. 265 The priest who framed their constitution and their laws was, according to Manetho, a native of Hêliopolis, |
267 Here again Manetho fails to realize the improbability of his lying tale. Even if the lepers and their accompanying horde were previously angry with the king and the others who had treated them thus in obedience to the seer's prediction, certainly when they had left the stone-quarries and received from him a city and land, they would have grown more kindly disposed to him. 268 If indeed they still hated him, they would have plotted against him personally, instead of declaring war against the whole people; for obviously so large a company must have had numerous relatives in Egypt. 269 Notwithstanding, | 267 Here again Manetho fails to realize the improbability of his lying tale. Even if the lepers and their accompanying horde were previously angry with the king and the others who had treated them thus in obedience to the seer's prediction, certainly when they had left the stone-quarries and received from him a city and land, they would have grown more kindly disposed to him. 268 If indeed they still hated him, they would have plotted against him personally, instead of declaring war against the whole people; for obviously so large a company must have had numerous relatives in Egypt. 269 Notwithstanding, | ||
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278 Thus, according to Manetho, our race is not of Egyptian origin, nor did it receive any admixture of Egyptians. For, naturally, many of the lepers and invalids died in the stone-quarries during their long term of hardship, many others in the subsequent battles, and most of all in the final engagement and the rout. | 278 Thus, according to Manetho, our race is not of Egyptian origin, nor did it receive any admixture of Egyptians. For, naturally, many of the lepers and invalids died in the stone-quarries during their long term of hardship, many others in the subsequent battles, and most of all in the final engagement and the rout. | ||
- | p145 279 It remains for me to reply to Manetho' | + | 279 It remains for me to reply to Manetho' |
287 It is now, therefore, sufficiently obvious, I think, that, so long as Manetho followed the ancient records, he did not stray far from the truth; but when he turned to unauthorized legends, he either combined them in an improbable form or else gave credence to certain prejudiced informants. | 287 It is now, therefore, sufficiently obvious, I think, that, so long as Manetho followed the ancient records, he did not stray far from the truth; but when he turned to unauthorized legends, he either combined them in an improbable form or else gave credence to certain prejudiced informants. | ||
- | p149 Dynasty XIX | + | |
- | Fr. 55 (from Syncellus). According to Africanus. | + | Dynasty XIX |
+ | |||
+ | ==== Fr. 55 (from Syncellus). | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | According to Africanus. | ||
The Nineteenth Dynasty105 consisted of seven (six) kings of Diospolis. | The Nineteenth Dynasty105 consisted of seven (six) kings of Diospolis. | ||
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Total, 209 years. | Total, 209 years. | ||
- | p151 Sum total in the Second Book of Manetho, ninety‑six kings, for 2121 years.107 | + | Sum total in the Second Book of Manetho, ninety‑six kings, for 2121 years.107 |
- | Fr. 56 (a) (from Syncellus). According to Eusebius. | + | |
+ | ==== Fr. 56 (a) (from Syncellus). | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | According to Eusebius. | ||
The Nineteenth Dynasty consisted of five kings of Diospolis. | The Nineteenth Dynasty consisted of five kings of Diospolis. | ||
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4. Ammenemes, for 26 years. | 4. Ammenemes, for 26 years. | ||
- | p153 5. Thuoris, by Homer called the active and gallant Polybus, in whose time Troy was taken, reigned for 7 years. | + | 5. Thuoris, by Homer called the active and gallant Polybus, in whose time Troy was taken, reigned for 7 years. |
Total, 194 years. | Total, 194 years. | ||
In the Second Book of Manetho there is a total of ninety‑two kings, reigning for 2121 years. | In the Second Book of Manetho there is a total of ninety‑two kings, reigning for 2121 years. | ||
+ | |||
The Editor' | The Editor' | ||
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107 For the corrected total of Book II, see Fr. 4, n. 4 (246 or 289 kings for 2221 years). The wide difference between the number of kings (96 or 92 as compared with 246 or 289) is puzzling: Meyer conjectures that about 150 or 193 of the larger numbers were ephemeral or co‑regents. | 107 For the corrected total of Book II, see Fr. 4, n. 4 (246 or 289 kings for 2221 years). The wide difference between the number of kings (96 or 92 as compared with 246 or 289) is puzzling: Meyer conjectures that about 150 or 193 of the larger numbers were ephemeral or co‑regents. | ||
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text/history_of_egypt.txt · Last modified: 2014/01/15 11:57 by 127.0.0.1